Volvo Maintenance FAQ for 7xx/9xx/90 Cars Version 5.0
| M-46 Overdrive Overhaul and O-Ring Repair and Replacement | M-46
Exploded Parts Diagram
|
Author: Duane Hoberg
This discussion is an updated version of the file found on the Swedishbricks web site at http://www.swedishbricks.net. The additional information is intended for private use and convenience only. Please do not use for commercial gain. The accompanying overdrive ("OD") parts and assembly Image.gif file is NOT intended to be the diagram that dictates your overdrive parts purchase and/or assembly. It is for reference only and could be superseded by the diagram at your local Volvo dealer. All rights to the diagram remain with Volvo.
Text that follows assumes above average automotive repair knowledge. If you can R & R the head you can do this. This job should take 5 to 6 hours barring major problems without removing the transmission. This is only a compilation of tips that will make the job go smoother not a complete how to do it.
I strongly suggest obtaining the Bentley Manual or the Volvo Service Manual as an assist in diagnosing and evaluating the OD unit. Going through the effort to R&R the OD then not having it work because of a broken/damaged/corroded wire, switch, or relay will destroy your day. As preventive replace the 4th gear switch on the side of the trans. Also use the accompanying diagram and text below to help in reassembly and keeping track of which O-ring goes where, (some are so close to the same size that size alone will not help you place them correctly).
Parts needed: Most are special order. I suggest replacing all the following gaskets, seals and o-rings or ordering all as a preventive measure. To order the correct parts you will need the number off the unit that is on the right side of the unit. The number begins with 27 then 115xxx and a serial number. Take in the whole number to your parts supplier. There is a complete list of all overdrive parts in the table below.
Numbers that follow the description or are in the text are referenced to the accompanying diagram and may not coincide with the diagram the parts counter utilizes.
Gaskets and Seals:
1. Gasket between OD unit and Rear trans
housing. (Not shown on this parts listing)
2. Gasket between the OD unit housing
and "pan". (36)
3. "Washer" for the filter plug
(31)
4. Seal ring for OD solenoid
(41)
5. O-rings
6. Rear output seal if leaking
(60)
The list of O-rings below is according to internal diameter and thickness. They are cross referenced to the part number ( ) on the OD diagram. [NS] indicates Not Shown.
O-Rings, listed from smallest to largest diameter:
1. Top Pressure Relief Valve
( 22* ) Thin
2. Two for the outside of solenoid
( 40 ) Thin
3. Pump Sleeve
( 11 ) Thin
4. PRV inner piston
( 24 ) Medium
5. Speedometer drive body
( NS* ) Thick
6. Pump Plug
( 20 ) Thin
7. Lower PRV and PRV Sleeve
(23*&27) Thin
8. Two for the actuating pistons
( 50 ) Thick
9. PRV Plug
( 29 ) Thin
*The two rings for the prv valve seat (22 & 23) need not be replaced if the seat is not easily removable (explanation later). The Speedometer seal need not be replaced unless it is leaking.
Tools needed:
1. standard metric set 11mm to 18mm (sockets,
wrenches, extensions, etc.)
2. torque wrench
3. jack stands (4) or ramps and 2 stands
or lift if you are so lucky
4. garage floor jack NOT A BOTTLE JACK
Special tools needed:
1. An adjustable spanner wrench or Volvo
Tool #2836. For the OD unit control plugs. (I used a "Martin"
(Brand Name) Adjustable spanner wrench #482. The machinist I borrowed
it from stated that spanner wrenches are usually available at bearing supply
companies).
2. 4.5mm Allen wrench for speedometer
gear OR 5/16" Allen wrench for later models (YES it is American Standard
if you have/had a Tamper proof "spider" fitting with a Red Plastic
cap over the screw).
3. 11mm offset box wrench for some of
the OD to rear trans housing nuts.
4. 11mm "C" curved box wrench for the
two top OD to rear trans housing nuts. Better yet find a short 11mm wrench
about 4 inches long. Some have cut off a wrench just to make the
job easier.
5. 25mm or 1" thin wrench for OD solenoid.
(I ground the sides off a Craftsman crows foot to allow it to fit even
if the OD is on the vehicle). Looks just like the Volvo Special Tool
6. A wood block to place between the transmission
and the jack.
7. Some contrivance that will allow you
to fill the transmission when finished reassembling. See end.
Procedure and Tips.
1. Drain transmission and OD unit.
When removing OD "pan" catch the filter screen (35) which will fall out
when the pan comes down.
2. Remove the Overdrive unit. See
Bentley Manual.
Tip: Support the transmission forward
of the support cross member and remove transmission support and clean the
nuts/studs on the OD as best you can. Clean studs allow fingers to
remove nuts instead of wrenching them all the way off. See below.
Using the 11mm "C" wrench (or shortened
wrench) and 11mm wrench (alternate between them if necessary), remove the
two nuts & lock washers at the top of the OD housing to rear trans
housing, one each side below the bottom of the shift lever. The nuts
are located to the transmission side of the unit just above the front of
the "pan". If you do not have the short version of the 11mm wrench,
you may have to carefully push the trans to the side to gain enough room
to get the wrench to fit on the nut and move it. DO Not use the open end
of the wrench, it will not fit properly and will round the nut making removal
of the transmission necessary. I found this out pulling the OD from
a vehicle in a salvage yard and had to drop the whole trans to get on the
nut with a six point socket. Not fun on a 98 degree day. These
two nuts are the most difficult to remove and install. Be patient,
I could only move them 1/12 turn at a time until the lock washer was free
then used my fingers.
Carefully lowering the transmission slightly helps. There is not much clearance between the firewall and the valve cover with wires and hoses in between. There are a total of eight nuts and studs. Some studs will come out, that's OK. Leave the bottom two until last.
Flex the OD unit by pushing up (do not jack it up or you will bend the output shaft of the trans) on the rear of the unit to allow just enough clearance to get a screwdriver or pry bar between the units to help pry the units apart. Do not drive the pry bar/screwdriver between the units.
Remove the OD unit from the output shaft by moving it straight back in line with the transmission (about 15") while supporting it.
3. Clean well, disassemble the valves, replace O-rings lubricating well with ATF and reassemble. Tips for Overdrive O-rings: Be sure to lube well with fluid before reinstalling.
Remove the OD solenoid (39) from the unit AND the pressure port plug (8) just to the right of the pan. This will allow whatever fluid still left in the unit to drain out as you work and not cause problems by creating a vacuum as you try to pull some of the pistons out.
There are two metal bars visible from the front of the unit (52). Remove them and remove the pistons (49) below them. The seals around these are usually what is causing the OD not to work.
You will probably have to use a pair of pliers to pull the pistons from their bores. They may be a little difficult but if you did step A you won't be pulling against the fluid still in the passages between all the valves and pistons. Sometimes pushing on the other piston helps push the other out.
Removing the O-rings (50) from the pistons. The trick I like to use to remove O-rings is by using a pair of narrow needle nose pliers. Open the pliers and grab the O-ring at points about 90 degrees apart, squeezing the pliers causes the ring to stretch up so the pliers can clamp on it (or I can slip a toothpick underneath it) without touching the piston. Doesn't mar the surface of the piston that way. With new O-rings the pistons will take some effort to install. That's good.
Removing the center plug (19). (Check Valve) It will seem very stiff as it has an O-ring (20) on it. Just underneath the plug is a spring (17) which holds a check ball (18) into a dimple on a plate (16) inside a pump sleeve (10). All parts are necessary. DO not loose them. The pump sleeve can be removed by pushing it out from inside the front of the OD unit while supporting the piston and cam socket (12 & 13). There is a flat and slot to one outer side of the sleeve. The sleeve must be reinstalled in the same orientation with the slot toward the hole the screen fits into in the bottom of the unit. Remove and replace the O-ring on the sleeve (11) and plug (20). Lube all well and reinstall. NOTE: The pump piston (12) cannot be removed from the cam follower(13) without damage, leave them attached. When reinstalling the piston and cam follower assembly, it (12 & 13) must go into the sleeve (10) before the sleeve is seated in the housing. Install the cam follower with the sloped side of the cam follower toward the front of the OD.
The pressure relief valve (21) has many parts and must be replaced in the same sequence and relationship. See M-46 Overdrive Pressure Relief Valve Tool for information on building a tool to remove this valve. The plug (28) too has an O-ring (29) on it and will be stiff. Pull the piston with a pair of pliers. Spacer washers and shims (25) are located between the inner spring and the control piston. The outer sleeve (26)can be removed by inserting your thumb, bending your thumb, then pulling the sleeve out. Mine came out without much effort. Some are more difficult than others. Sometimes you need to hook the hole toward the bottom of the sleeve to pull it out. Be careful to not scratch the bore. The seat (parts between 22 & 23) at the top of the bore requires a special tool to remove. A piece of stiff wire bent into a hook will work just as well if the seat O-rings (22 & 23) allow it to come out. If it doesn't want to release with a little effort do not take it out. The O-rings are holding it in place and are still good. (the later from three different shop's mechanics). The hole in the outer sleeve when reinstalled should line up with the hole in the casting.
Reinstallation:
Clean surfaces between the OD unit and rear trans housing, install gasket on OD unit, rotate output shaft of trans with eccentric cam so cam lobe is in the extreme down position. Liberally lube the cam. Then lube the cam follower (13) on the OD.
Position cam follower on OD unit in position straight up, centered L & R on hole in housing and pump piston all the way down.
Align the splines at the bottom of the opening that the trans output shaft inserts through. This is best done with a long thin screw driver. The second set of splines will only turn one way. They will turn very easily in the correct direction. Do not force.
Slide OD over output shaft of trans rotating rear flange to help align splines. The unit should slide up until about 1/2 to 3/4 of an inch from the trans. Check alignment of the cam and socket. Adjust position of the cam and follower using the rear output flange. Slide the OD rearward without allowing the studs to clear the holes. With a very sharp forward motion push the OD forward. It will seem to hesitate at the point where the cam contacts the socket then slide "home" as the socket (13) adjusts to the cam. This may take a few tries. Mine took 8 tries over 20 min. Each time I realigned the cam and follower before trying it again and before I tried the sharp forward motion.
Refill with fresh fluid as able.
I used a fill device I got from K-Mart that screws to the bottle, has a
twist type on/off valve with about a 12" length of clear vinyl tube about
1/2" in diameter. It just fit inside the trans fill hole, and allowed
me to turn the bottle upside down into the area just below the intake manifold.
Dumped 2.4 quarts into the trans and spilled maybe 2 to 3 ounces after
the unit was full. Slick little device.
See the exploded diagram at M-46 Overdrive Exploded Parts Diagram
Overdrive parts are available through DAHoberg@aol.com for Volvo Type J Overdrive units. All numbers referenced to Volvo drawing PV 430 42559. Email for current prices and availability.
Part # with NA are not available through this source.
Volvo Illus. # Part Description Required
1
Factory Reman. Overdrive Unit
1
2
Main Casing
1
3
Stud
8
4
Stud Short (bottom 4)
4
4a
Stud Long (top 2)
2
5
Relief Valve Ball
1
6
Relief valve spring
1
7
Relief valve Plug
1
8
NA
9
Pressure Port Washer
1
10
Pump Body & #11
1
11
O-Ring
1
12 to 15 Pump Plunger Kit
1
16 to 18 Non Return Valve
Kit
1
19
Pump Plug
1
20
O-Ring
1
21
Complete Assembly Not Available
22
O-Ring
1
22a
Relief Valve Assembly
1
23
O-Ring
1
24
? Only In Kit? Unable to cross reference
24a
Dashpot sleeve
1
25
NA
26
NA
27
O-Ring
1
28
Dashpot Plug
1
29
O-Ring
1
30
Filter
1
31
Washer-Pressure Filter 1
32
Plug-Pressure Filter 1
33
Oil Pump Sump Cover 1
34
comes with sump cover #33
35
Suction Filter 1
36
Oil Sump Gasket 1
37
NA
38
NA
39
Overdrive solenoid 1
40
O-Ring 2
41
Solenoid Washer 1
42
Brake Ring 1
43
Sliding Member (Cone Clutch) 1
44
Thrust Bearing Housing 1
45
NA
46
Thrust Bearing 1
47
Circlip-Retaining 1
48
Circlip-Sliding Member 1
49
Piston Operating 2
50
O-Ring/Operating Piston 2
50a
NA
51
NA
52
Bridge Piece Kit 1
53
Locking Nut 4
54
Rear Case 1
55
Annulus 1
56
Thrust Washer 1
57
Front Annulus Bearing 1
58
NA
59
Rear Annulus Bearing 1
60
Rear Oil Seal 1
61
NA
62
NA
63
Flange Washer
1
64
Flange Nut
1
65
Clutch Assembly
1
66
Clutch Cage
1
67
Clutch inner member
1
68
Oil Thrower
1
69
Spring clip
1
70 to 77 NA
78
Sunwheel
1
79
Circlip-Sunwheel 1
80
Rear Main Case Gasket 1
81
Rear Case Gasket
1
82
Locking Washer
6
83
Copper washer
2
84
Nut
6
Numbers
85 & Up Not Shown
85
Gasket, Adaptor to Casing 1
86
Gasket Kit (36,80,81,85)
1
87
Overdrive O-Ring Kit
(11,20,22,24,27x2,29,40x2,50x2,94)
1
88
Bearing Kit (46,57,59,60,99) 1
89
Oil Pump Cam
1
90
Woodruff Key for Cam
1
91
Circlip for cam
1
92
Spring Ring for Cam
1
93
Speedo Output Bearing
1
94
Speedo Bearing O-Ring
1
95
Speedo Gear Oil Seal
1
96
Speedo Connector
1
97
Speedo Conn. Hold DownBolt 1
98
Ring Spring
1
99
Roller Set
1
For further illustration, see the M-46 Exploded Parts Diagram